The Montana Genomic Security Act aims to enhance the security of genetic information by prohibiting medical and research facilities in the state from using genetic sequencers or sequencing software produced by foreign adversaries. The bill mandates that any such prohibited equipment must be removed and replaced with compliant alternatives. Additionally, it restricts the storage of genetic sequencing data from Montanans to within the United States and requires written consent from individuals for any remote access to their non-open genetic data. The act also outlines specific storage requirements for genetic information and establishes penalties for noncompliance.

To ensure adherence to these regulations, the act requires medical facilities and research institutions to provide annual certification of compliance to the attorney general. Violations of the act can result in fines of $10,000 for each instance of using prohibited technology or storing data outside the U.S. Furthermore, individuals whose genetic information is misused may seek damages. The act is designed to protect American genetic information from potential threats posed by foreign adversaries, thereby safeguarding the privacy and security of individuals' genetic data.