The "Michigan Medical Treatment Decisions Act" aims to establish a framework for making medical treatment decisions on behalf of patients who are unable to participate in such decisions. The bill defines key terms such as "attending physician," "guardian," "patient advocate," and "surrogate," and outlines the hierarchy of individuals who may make medical treatment decisions, prioritizing spouses, adult children, parents, and others. It stipulates that these decisions can only be made when the patient is unable to participate, and there is no available patient advocate or guardian. Additionally, the attending physician must document the patient's inability to participate and ensure that the decision aligns with the patient's known desires or best interests.

The bill also explicitly prohibits certain types of medical treatment decisions, including the withholding or withdrawing of treatment that would result in death, sterilization, termination of pregnancy, and admissions to specific facilities. It establishes that healthcare providers implementing decisions made under this act will be liable as if the patient had made the decision themselves. Furthermore, the act does not override existing advance directives or patient advocate designations, ensuring that previously expressed wishes regarding medical treatment are respected.