The 2025 Annual Report submitted by the Department of Public Utilities evaluates the impact of self-generation installations, including cogeneration, fuel cells, and renewable energy facilities, on electricity sales and transition cost recovery in Massachusetts. The report highlights that a total of 23,281 self-generation facilities were installed in 2025, with 91.5 percent being photovoltaic systems of 60 kilowatts or less. This resulted in an estimated reduction of 2.4 million megawatt-hours (MWh) in electricity sales, representing a 4.7 percent decrease in total sales for the year. Cumulatively, since 1998, self-generation has led to a reduction of approximately 21.5 million MWh, which is 1.6 percent of total electricity sales during that period.

The report also addresses the financial implications of self-generation on transition charges, which are costs that electric distribution companies (EDCs) recover from customers. It notes that EDCs have largely recovered their transition costs through 2025, primarily due to legacy power purchase agreements. The Department concludes that self-generation did not significantly affect transition cost recovery for EDCs in 2025, although the trend of increasing reductions in electricity sales due to self-generation installations continues. The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring these trends to understand the broader implications for non-generating customers and the electric utility industry.