The bill aims to establish a primary care spending target in Massachusetts to address the current underinvestment in primary care, which is significantly lower than in other high-income nations. The Massachusetts Primary Care Access, Delivery, and Payment Task Force (PCTF) recommends setting an aggregate primary care spending target that either doubles the current share of health care spending on primary care or reaches 15% of total health care spending, whichever is greater, within five years from the baseline year of 2026. The bill emphasizes that any increase in primary care spending should not lead to higher overall health care expenditures or insurance premiums, and it authorizes the Massachusetts Health Policy Commission (HPC) and the Division of Insurance (DOI) to hold payers and providers accountable for compliance.

To support the implementation of this target, the bill designates the HPC and the Center for Health Information Analysis (CHIA) as responsible agencies for monitoring and reporting on primary care spending. The HPC is tasked with establishing annual improvement targets and ensuring that the additional spending enhances support for primary care practices. The bill also includes provisions for accountability, allowing the HPC and DOI to impose penalties on organizations that fail to meet spending targets. Additionally, the PCTF highlights the need for complementary goals, such as reducing administrative burdens in primary care practices and proposing innovative payment models to improve reimbursement for primary care services.