Senate Bill No. 123 proposes a constitutional amendment to Article IV, Section 5(I) of the Louisiana Constitution, which outlines the powers and duties of the governor regarding the removal of judges. The amendment requires the governor to certify the removal of certain judges, including district, juvenile, family, parish, municipal, or court of appeal judges, as well as Louisiana Supreme Court justices, for malfeasance, gross misconduct, or incompetence. This certification can only occur after a joint legislative address, which must state the cause for removal, be entered into the legislative journal, and be served to the judge prior to removal. Additionally, a trial must be conducted in the Senate where the judge can present a defense, and the legislative address must receive a majority vote from the House of Representatives and a two-thirds majority from the Senate.

The proposed amendment also stipulates that any judge removed through this process will be permanently barred from seeking any judicial office in Louisiana. It clarifies that this process does not preclude the possibility of impeachment or disciplinary actions against judges. The amendment is set to be submitted to voters during the statewide election on April 17, 2027, allowing the electorate to decide on the proposed changes to the governor's powers regarding judicial removals.