House Bill No. 125, titled the "Louisiana Genomic Security Act of 2025," aims to protect individuals' genomic information from unauthorized access by foreign adversaries, specifically naming the People's Republic of China, Republic of Cuba, Islamic Republic of Iran, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation. The bill establishes a new chapter in the Louisiana Revised Statutes that includes definitions related to genomic security, prohibits the use of genetic sequencers and software produced by companies associated with these foreign adversaries, and restricts the storage of genetic data to locations outside of these countries. It also mandates that medical and genomic research facilities implement reasonable cybersecurity measures to safeguard genetic information.

The legislation imposes penalties for violations, including fines of $10,000 for each instance of using prohibited technology or storing data in a foreign adversary country. Individuals whose genomic information is improperly sequenced or stored are entitled to recover damages of at least $5,000 for each unique violation. Additionally, medical facilities must certify their compliance with the law to the attorney general annually, who is granted the authority to investigate any alleged violations.