The bill enacts a new subpart within the Louisiana Revised Statutes, specifically addressing unlawful entry and reentry into the state by aliens. It defines key terms such as "alien," "unlawful entry," and "unlawful reentry," and establishes penalties for these offenses, including imprisonment and fines. The bill outlines that a first offense may result in up to six months of imprisonment or a fine of up to one thousand dollars, while subsequent offenses can lead to one to two years of imprisonment and fines up to ten thousand dollars. Additionally, it provides certain defenses for individuals charged under this law, particularly for those who can prove lawful presence in the state or that their actions do not violate federal immigration laws.

Furthermore, the bill authorizes the governor to negotiate an interstate compact aimed at enhancing border security and deterring unlawful entry into Louisiana. This compact would involve collaboration with other states, particularly Texas, to share resources and intelligence related to illegal immigration. The legislation emphasizes the need for state-level action in response to perceived federal inaction on immigration enforcement, citing various concerns about public safety and the economic impact of illegal immigration on Louisiana. The provisions of the bill are designed to take effect under specific circumstances, including relevant decisions from the U.S. Supreme Court or changes to federal law that would support state authority in immigration matters.