This bill amends Chapter 23, Title 67 of the Idaho Code by adding a new section, 67-2364, which clarifies the Governor's authority regarding the active duty combat service of the organized militia. The legislation establishes that the Governor cannot authorize the organized militia to enter active duty combat unless there is an official declaration of war by the United States Congress or an official action calling forth the Idaho National Guard for specific purposes such as executing laws, repelling invasion, or suppressing insurrection. The bill also defines "active duty combat" and "official declaration of war" to provide clarity on the terms used.

Additionally, the bill ensures that the Governor's authority is not restricted in terms of non-combat federal service, such as training or administrative duties, and does not limit the Governor's ability to maintain members of the organized militia in duty status under federal law or to authorize defense support for civil authorities. The bill declares an emergency, allowing it to take effect immediately upon passage and approval.