The bill aims to protect communities, drinking water, groundwater, and air quality from toxic pollutants associated with coal ash, which contains harmful substances like mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. It prohibits electric power generating facilities fueled by coal and coal ash landfills from discharging toxic pollutants from specific wastewater sources, including flue gas desulfurization wastewater, bottom ash transport water, and combustion residual leachate into water sources.

To ensure compliance, the bill establishes timelines for existing facilities, requiring those operational before July 1, 2026, to adhere to the prohibition by December 31, 2029, while new facilities starting operations on or after that date must comply before beginning operations. Additionally, the bill mandates the department to create necessary rules for implementation.