House Bill 309 seeks to amend Florida's drug laws by expanding the list of prohibited synthetic cannabinoids and other controlled substances, including specific chemical compounds such as 7-Hydroxymitragynine, which will be classified as a Schedule I controlled substance when concentrated above 400 parts per million. The bill also introduces criminal penalties for the sale, manufacture, or delivery of xylazine, establishing mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment and fines for trafficking in this substance. Additionally, it exempts certain FDA-approved xylazine animal drug products from being classified as Schedule I controlled substances. The effective date for these amendments is set for July 1, 2026.

The legislation further enhances penalties for trafficking and distribution of potent opioids and new substances, including xylazine, by imposing felony charges with mandatory minimum sentences based on the quantity involved. It modifies existing legal language in section 893.13 of the Florida Statutes to improve the state's ability to regulate synthetic drugs and addresses public health concerns associated with their use. The bill also increases penalties for distributing controlled substances that result in overdose or serious bodily injury, particularly to minors, and specifies conditions under which substances can be classified as trafficking. Certain provisions of the bill will take effect immediately upon enactment, while others will be effective on October 1, 2026.

Statutes affected:
H 309 Filed: 893.13, 893.131, 893.135