Substitute House Bill No. 5043, effective October 1, 2026, significantly revises the definitions and regulations surrounding firearms, particularly focusing on convertible pistols and their components. The bill expands the definition of "machine gun" to include any convertible pistol equipped with a pistol converter, which allows a semiautomatic pistol to fire multiple rounds with a single trigger pull. It also introduces new definitions for "convertible pistol" and "rate of fire enhancement," while repealing and replacing existing definitions to ensure clarity in terms like "firearm" and "pistol converter." The legislation imposes strict penalties for the importation and sale of convertible pistols manufactured after the effective date, categorizing these actions as a class D felony, with an exemption for private sales between individuals who are not licensed gun dealers.

Additionally, the bill modifies regulations regarding unfinished frames or lower receivers, mandating that these components must have a unique serial number obtained through the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. It establishes penalties for violations, classifying them as either a class C felony or a class B felony, depending on the offense's nature. The bill also outlines a process for individuals to surrender firearms or ammunition to the Commissioner of Emergency Services and Public Protection, with provisions for the return of surrendered items. Furthermore, it amends the fees and processes associated with the issuance and renewal of permits for carrying pistols and revolvers, establishing a fee structure and clarifying the non-refundability of certain fees. Overall, the bill aims to enhance accountability and regulation surrounding firearms and their components in response to public safety concerns.

Statutes affected:
JUD Joint Favorable Substitute: 53-206j, 29-36b
File No. 597: 53-206j, 29-36b
File No. 717: 53-206j, 29-36b
Public Act No. 26-41: 53-206j, 29-36b