The resolution SCR1044, known as the "Judicial Accountability Act of 2024," proposes significant reforms to the judicial retention elections in Arizona. If approved by voters, it would replace the current fixed term limits for justices and judges with a system that allows them to serve during "good behavior," retroactively effective from November 1, 2024. The resolution mandates that justices of the Arizona Supreme Court, intermediate appellate court judges, and superior court judges in populous counties be subject to statewide retention votes, with specific conditions outlined for when a judge would face such a vote. Additionally, it establishes a framework for evaluating judicial performance, requiring evaluations every four years and ensuring public participation in the process.

The resolution aims to improve the accountability and transparency of the judicial system by addressing concerns about the effectiveness of current retention elections. It seeks to ensure that only judges who do not meet established performance standards are subject to retention votes, thereby reducing unnecessary elections for those with satisfactory conduct. The proposed amendments to the Arizona Constitution also emphasize merit-based appointments for judicial vacancies and the importance of diversity in nominations. Having passed both the House and Senate, the resolution will be presented to voters in the next general election for approval.