The bill amends Sections 31-2A-15 and 31-2A-19 of the Code of Alabama 1975, which govern military punishment procedures. Key changes include the clarification of ranks eligible to impose disciplinary measures, allowing brigade or battalion level commanders to impose punishments on enlisted members, and expanding the types of punishments that can be administered. Notably, the bill introduces new provisions for reducing enlisted members who are E-4 and below to the lowest or any intermediate pay grade, and it allows for a reduction of not more than two pay grades for enlisted members who are E-6 or below. Additionally, the definition of "day" is revised to clarify its meaning in the context of military pay and other purposes.

The bill also modifies the jurisdiction of special courts-martial, allowing them to adjudge punishments for military-specific offenses, with certain limitations. It raises the rank threshold for reductions from E-6 to E-9 and specifies that officers may be reduced to the highest rank they held honorably prior to the offense. The act is set to take effect on October 1, 2025.